@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Caveat:wght@500;600;700&family=Noto+Naskh+Arabic:wght@500;600;700&family=Noto+Sans+Arabic:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap");

:root {
  /* Premium editorial — light journal club, not MDPI factory */
  --bg: #fafbf9;
  --bg-soft: #f1f3f0;
  --bg-tint: #e6ebe8;
  --ink: #14181d;
  --ink-soft: #4a545c;
  --ink-faint: #7a858e;
  --line: #d8ddd8;
  --line-strong: #b8c0ba;
  --accent: #0d2b28;
  --accent-hover: #164841;
  --accent-2: #1fa89a;
  --accent-soft: rgba(13, 43, 40, 0.07);
  --bio: #2ec4b6;
  --danger: #9e2a2a;
  --ok: #1a7a68;
  --warn: #8a6a1a;
  --shadow: none;
  --shadow-sm: none;
  --radius: 0;
  --font-sans: "Source Sans 3", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  /* Palatino — journal identity (GOST-friendly serif stack with Cyrillic fallbacks). */
  --font-serif: "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, "Book Antiqua", "URW Palladio L", "Source Serif 4", "Times New Roman", serif;
  --font-hand: "Caveat", "Segoe Script", cursive;
  --max: 1180px;
  --header-h: 5.5rem;
  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
  --body-size: 1.0625rem;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100vh;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--body-size);
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.6;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  font-synthesis: none;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  background:
    radial-gradient(1100px 520px at 85% -12%, rgba(46, 196, 182, 0.09), transparent 58%),
    radial-gradient(800px 400px at 0% 20%, rgba(13, 43, 40, 0.04), transparent 50%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #eef2ef 0%, var(--bg) 32%, var(--bg) 100%);
}

h1, h2, h3, .brand-name, .brand-hero, .hero-brand, .page-header h1,
.info-item strong, .stat-cell strong, .apc-figure, .footer-brand {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
  font-synthesis: none;
}

body.nav-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}

img,
svg {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-hover);
}

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid rgba(10, 61, 86, 0.45);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: -999px;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 200;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  left: 1rem;
  top: 1rem;
}

.container {
  width: min(1180px, calc(100% - 2.5rem));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

/* Side-margin notes: handwritten labels (wide viewports only) */
.page-margin-field {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 0;
}
.site-header,
main,
.site-footer {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}
.page-margin-field-col {
  position: absolute;
  top: 8.6rem;
  bottom: 5.25rem;
  width: 7.6rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-evenly;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 0.35rem;
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-left {
  left: 0.45rem;
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-right {
  right: 0.45rem;
  text-align: right;
  align-items: flex-end;
}
body[data-page="home"] .page-margin-field-col {
  top: 8.6rem;
}
.mf-note {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 7.6rem;
  padding: 0.16rem 0.4rem 0.1rem;
  border: 1px solid #b7c8bf;
  background: rgba(244, 248, 246, 0.72);
  font-family: var(--font-hand);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  color: #61756d;
  line-height: 1.15;
}
.mf-note,
.mf-note * {
  font-family: var(--font-hand);
  font-synthesis: none;
}
.mf-note sub,
.mf-note sup {
  font-size: 0.72em;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-left .mf-note:nth-child(3n) {
  transform: rotate(-2.6deg);
  margin-left: 0.7rem;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-left .mf-note:nth-child(3n+1) {
  transform: rotate(1.8deg);
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-left .mf-note:nth-child(3n+2) {
  transform: rotate(-1.2deg);
  margin-left: 0.3rem;
  margin-top: 0.15rem;
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-right .mf-note:nth-child(odd) {
  transform: rotate(2.1deg);
  margin-right: 0.45rem;
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-right .mf-note:nth-child(even) {
  transform: rotate(-1.7deg);
  margin-top: 0.45rem;
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .mf-note {
    transform: none !important;
    margin-left: 0 !important;
    margin-right: 0 !important;
  }
}
.mf-svg {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
  color: #6e857c;
  opacity: 0.85;
}
.page-margin-field-col.is-right .mf-svg {
  margin-left: auto;
}
@media (max-width: 1399px) {
  .page-margin-field {
    display: none;
  }
}
@media print {
  .page-margin-field {
    display: none;
  }
}

/* ——— Chrome (Nature-like: brand + short menus + intentional space) ——— */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 80;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.notice-banner {
  margin: 1rem 0 1.25rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
}
.notice-banner p { margin: 0 0 0.75rem; }
.notice-banner .cta-row { margin: 0; }

.header-main {
  position: relative;
}

.topbar {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.topbar-inner {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 2rem;
}

.topbar-left,
.topbar-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.65rem;
}

.topbar em {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}

.top-link {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.top-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.dot {
  width: 3px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--line-strong);
}

.pill {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0.15rem 0.45rem;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
}

.pill-muted {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--accent);
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.lang {
  display: inline-flex;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.lang a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.lang a.is-active {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.compact-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  min-height: 3.5rem;
  padding: 0.65rem 0;
}

.compact-header .brand {
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  min-width: 0;
}

.compact-header .brand-name {
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3.1vw, 2.45rem);
  text-transform: none;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  line-height: 1.15;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.compact-header .brand-tag {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-transform: none;
  margin-top: 0.15rem;
}

.compact-header .brand-text {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  line-height: 1.15;
  max-width: none;
}
.compact-header .brand-acronym {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 0.2rem;
  align-self: flex-start;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: var(--accent);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 0.12rem 0.4rem;
}

.compact-header .brand-tag {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-transform: none;
}

.nav-bar {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
}

.nav-bar-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 3rem;
}

.nav-flat {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.15rem 1.25rem;
  width: 100%;
}

.nav-flat > a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 0.55rem 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
}

.nav-flat > a:hover,
.nav-flat > a.is-active {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.nav-flat > a.is-active {
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent-2);
}

.nav-more {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-flex;
}

.nav-more-btn {
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  font: inherit;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  padding: 0.55rem 0;
}

.nav-more-btn:hover,
.nav-more-btn.is-active {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.nav-more-menu {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  min-width: 12rem;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 0.35rem 0;
  z-index: 90;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.nav-more.is-open .nav-more-menu {
  display: flex;
}

.nav-more-menu a {
  padding: 0.55rem 1rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.nav-more-menu a:hover,
.nav-more-menu a.is-active {
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
}

.hero-compact {
  padding: 2.75rem 0 1.75rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.lede-compact {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 36rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.section-tight {
  padding: 2.25rem 0;
}

.metrics-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.metrics-row .factor-label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.metrics-row .factor-value {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.65rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.metrics-row .factor-note {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.offer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.offer-list {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 1rem;
  padding-left: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.offer-list li {
  margin: 0.35rem 0;
}

.issue-card-invited {
  border-top: 3px solid #3d5a80;
}

.footer-compact {
  grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr 1fr;
}

.header-main-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: 1.1rem 0 0.95rem;
}

.brand-block {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  min-width: 0;
}

.brand {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
}

.brand-name {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 3.2vw, 2.45rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  line-height: 1.2;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-transform: none;
}

.header-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0.15rem;
}

.nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.15rem 1.35rem;
}

.nav-dd {
  position: relative;
}

.nav-dd-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0.2rem 0;
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.nav-dd-btn:hover,
.nav-dd-btn.is-active,
.nav-dd.is-current .nav-dd-btn {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.nav-chevron {
  opacity: 0.55;
}

.nav-dd-menu {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% + 0.55rem);
  left: 0;
  min-width: 13.5rem;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 0.4rem 0;
  z-index: 90;
}

.nav-dd.is-open .nav-dd-menu {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.nav-dd-menu a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  padding: 0.55rem 1rem;
}

.nav-dd-menu a:hover,
.nav-dd-menu a.is-active {
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
}

.nav-cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0.62rem 1.2rem;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fafbf9 !important;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.2;
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-radius: 980px;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
}

.nav-cta:hover {
  background: var(--accent-hover);
  border-color: var(--accent-hover);
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  width: 2.5rem;
  height: 2.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 1.1rem;
  height: 1.5px;
  margin: 0.28rem auto;
  background: var(--accent);
}

/* ——— Nature-style feature hero ——— */
.feature-hero {
  padding: 1.75rem 0 0;
}

.feature-hero-frame {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 0.95fr) minmax(320px, 1.35fr);
  min-height: 420px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  overflow: hidden;
  animation: rise 700ms var(--ease) both;
}

.feature-copy {
  background: #14181d;
  color: #f4f5f3;
  padding: 2.4rem 2rem 2.2rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}

.feature-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 0.85rem;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--bio);
}

.feature-title {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3.4vw, 2.55rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  color: #fff;
}

.feature-lede {
  margin: 1rem 0 0;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  max-width: 28rem;
}

.feature-copy .cta-row {
  margin-top: 1.6rem;
}

.btn-on-dark {
  background: #fff;
  color: #14181d;
  border-color: #fff;
}

.btn-on-dark:hover {
  background: var(--bio);
  border-color: var(--bio);
  color: #14181d;
}

.btn-ghost-on-dark {
  background: transparent;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
  color: #fff;
}

.btn-ghost-on-dark:hover {
  border-color: #fff;
  color: #fff;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
}

.feature-media {
  position: relative;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 70% 60% at 60% 40%, rgba(46, 196, 182, 0.35), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #0d2b28 0%, #1a3d38 40%, #243b55 100%);
  min-height: 280px;
}

.feature-media-inner {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 2rem;
  background:
    url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='200' height='200' viewBox='0 0 200 200'%3E%3Cg fill='none' stroke='%23ffffff' stroke-opacity='0.12'%3E%3Cpath d='M20 100c40-60 120-60 160 0M40 100c30-40 90-40 120 0'/%3E%3Ccircle cx='100' cy='100' r='48'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-size: 200px;
}

.feature-media-label {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.2rem);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  letter-spacing: normal;
  text-transform: lowercase;
}

.feature-media-sub {
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.rail-strip {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
}

.rail-strip-inner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem 1.75rem;
  padding: 0.95rem 0;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.rail-strip-inner strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-right: 0.25rem;
}

.rail-strip-inner em {
  font-style: normal;
}

.metric-trial small {
  margin-left: 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--warn);
  vertical-align: middle;
}

.recruiting-banner {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-2);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.35rem;
  margin: 1.25rem 0 1.75rem;
}

.recruiting-banner strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.recruiting-banner p {
  margin: 0.45rem 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.text-link {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.text-link:hover {
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

/* Story grid (Nature-like: lead + stacked rail) */
.story-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.25fr 1fr;
  gap: 0 2.5rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.story-card {
  padding: 1.1rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.story-card-lead {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1 / span 4;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: 1.15rem;
  padding-right: 0.5rem;
}

.story-card:not(.story-card-lead) {
  grid-column: 2;
}

.story-card.is-negative {
  border-top-color: #c45c26;
}

.story-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-2);
}

.story-card.is-negative .story-kicker {
  color: #c45c26;
}

.story-title {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: normal;
}

.story-card-lead .story-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 2.6vw, 2rem);
}

.story-title a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
  text-decoration-color: transparent;
}

.story-title a:hover {
  text-decoration-color: var(--ink);
}

.story-deck {
  margin: 0.65rem 0 0;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.story-byline {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}

/* ——— Buttons ——— */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  padding: 0.78rem 1.35rem;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 980px;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 180ms var(--ease), border-color 180ms var(--ease), color 180ms var(--ease);
}

.btn:disabled {
  opacity: 0.55;
  cursor: not-allowed;
  transform: none;
}

.btn-primary {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fafbf9;
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  background: var(--accent-hover);
  color: #fafbf9;
}

.btn-ghost {
  background: transparent;
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.btn-ghost:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.btn-secondary {
  background: transparent;
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.btn-sm {
  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

/* ——— Hero (one composition · brand-first · full-bleed plane) ——— */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: min(88vh, 720px);
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  padding: 5.5rem 0 4.5rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.hero::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -1;
  background:
    linear-gradient(115deg, rgba(250, 251, 249, 0.94) 0%, rgba(250, 251, 249, 0.78) 42%, rgba(250, 251, 249, 0.35) 100%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 80% 70% at 78% 40%, rgba(46, 196, 182, 0.18), transparent 55%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 60% at 20% 80%, rgba(13, 43, 40, 0.08), transparent 50%),
    url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='220' height='220' viewBox='0 0 220 220'%3E%3Cg fill='none' stroke='%230d2b28' stroke-opacity='0.06'%3E%3Cpath d='M40 110c40-55 100-55 140 0s40 100 0 140'/%3E%3Cpath d='M50 110c32-42 88-42 120 0s32 80 0 112'/%3E%3Ccircle cx='110' cy='110' r='3' fill='%231fa89a' fill-opacity='0.35' stroke='none'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-size: auto, auto, auto, 220px 220px;
  animation: heroDrift 28s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes heroDrift {
  from {
    background-position: 0 0, 0 0, 0 0, 0 0;
  }
  to {
    background-position: 0 0, 0 0, 0 0, 220px 110px;
  }
}

.hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 0;
  width: min(1520px, calc(100% - 1.5rem));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: min(52rem, 100%);
}

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
  color: var(--accent-2);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.brand-hero {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 8.5vw, 6.2rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  color: var(--accent);
  animation: rise 800ms var(--ease) both;
}

.lede {
  margin: 1.35rem 0 0;
  max-width: 32rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  animation: rise 900ms 80ms var(--ease) both;
}

.cta-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.85rem;
  margin-top: 2.1rem;
  animation: rise 950ms 140ms var(--ease) both;
}

.hero-aside,
.hero-panel {
  display: none;
}

/* ——— Sections ——— */
.strip {
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  padding: 1.15rem 0;
}

.strip-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 1rem;
}

.strip-label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.strip strong {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
}

.section {
  padding: 4.25rem 0;
}

.section-muted {
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.section-head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: end;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.section-head > div {
  max-width: 40rem;
}

.section-head h2,
.page-hero h1,
.panel h2,
.receipt h2 {
  margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.35rem);
  letter-spacing: normal;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.section-head p,
.page-hero > p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.scope-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 1.4rem 2rem;
}

.scope-list li {
  padding-top: 1rem;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--accent);
}

.scope-list h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.scope-list p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.steps {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.steps li {
  padding-top: 1.15rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.step-num {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  color: var(--accent-2);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.steps h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.steps p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.cta-band {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  padding: 2rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.cta-band h2 {
  margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.7rem;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.cta-band p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  max-width: 38rem;
}

/* ——— Articles ——— */
.article-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
}

.article-item {
  padding: 1.35rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  transition: background 180ms var(--ease);
}

.article-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.article-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.article-meta .section-tag {
  color: var(--accent-2);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.article-item h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.28rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
  letter-spacing: normal;
}

.article-item h3 a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.article-item h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.article-authors {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.article-abstract {
  margin: 0.15rem 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  max-width: 52rem;
}

.article-foot {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}

.filters {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.filter-btn {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.filter-btn.is-active,
.filter-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

/* ——— Page / content ——— */
.page-hero {
  padding: 3rem 0 1.5rem;
}

.page-hero .brand-line {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--accent-2);
  margin: 0 0 0.45rem;
}

.content-block {
  max-width: 46rem;
  padding-bottom: 3.5rem;
}

.content-block h2 {
  margin: 2rem 0 0.55rem;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.content-block p,
.content-block li {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.content-block ul {
  padding-left: 1.15rem;
}

.board-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
}

.board-list li {
  padding: 1.1rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.board-list strong {
  display: block;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.board-list span {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.policy-toc {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem 1rem;
  margin: 1rem 0 2rem;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.policy-toc a {
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

/* ——— Submit wizard ——— */
.submit-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.45fr 0.85fr;
  gap: 1.75rem;
  padding-bottom: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.panel {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 1.4rem 1.45rem 1.55rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.badge {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.wizard-steps {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin: 1.1rem 0 1.4rem;
}

.wizard-step {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--line);
  padding-top: 0.55rem;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.wizard-step.is-active {
  border-top-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.wizard-step.is-done {
  border-top-color: var(--accent-2);
  color: var(--ok);
}

.wizard-pane {
  display: none;
  animation: rise 420ms var(--ease) both;
}

.wizard-pane.is-active {
  display: block;
}

.form-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.field-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 1rem;
}

label {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

label .hint {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}

input:not([type]),
input[type="text"],
input[type="email"],
input[type="url"],
input[type="search"],
input[type="tel"],
input[type="number"],
input[type="password"],
select,
textarea {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.75rem 0.85rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--ink);
  font: inherit;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  border-radius: 0.5rem;
}

input:focus,
select:focus,
textarea:focus {
  outline: 2px solid rgba(10, 61, 86, 0.22);
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

input.is-invalid,
select.is-invalid,
textarea.is-invalid {
  border-color: var(--danger);
}

.field-error {
  color: var(--danger);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  min-height: 1.1em;
}

textarea {
  min-height: 110px;
  resize: vertical;
}

.authors-box {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.author-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr auto;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  align-items: end;
  padding: 0.85rem;
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.author-row-full {
  grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1.2fr auto auto;
}

.corr-label {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  align-items: center;
  padding-bottom: 0.55rem;
}

.upload-guide {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  padding: 0.9rem 1rem;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.upload-guide strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.upload-guide ul {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0;
  padding-left: 1.1rem;
}

#abstract-count,
label .hint {
  font-weight: 400;
}

.file-drop {
  position: relative;
  border: 1px dashed var(--line-strong);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  padding: 1.35rem;
  text-align: center;
  transition: border-color 180ms var(--ease), background 180ms var(--ease), transform 180ms var(--ease);
}

.file-drop.is-active {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  transform: scale(1.01);
}

.file-drop input[type="file"] {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.file-drop p {
  margin: 0.25rem 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.file-drop strong {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.file-name {
  margin-top: 0.65rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.form-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
}

.form-note {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0;
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.check-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.check-row input {
  margin-top: 0.28rem;
  width: auto;
}

.review-box {
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 1rem;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.review-box strong {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.aside-panel h3,
.receipt h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.aside-panel p,
.aside-panel li {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.aside-panel ul,
.aside-panel ol {
  margin: 0.4rem 0 0;
  padding-left: 1.1rem;
}

.aside-stack {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.draft-status {
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
}

.receipt {
  animation: rise 480ms var(--ease) both;
}

.receipt-meta {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  margin: 1rem 0;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.status-ok {
  color: var(--ok);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.receipt-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.timeline {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 1rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.65rem;
}

.timeline li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.85rem 1fr;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  align-items: start;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

.timeline i {
  width: 0.65rem;
  height: 0.65rem;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--line-strong);
  display: block;
}

.timeline li.is-current i {
  background: var(--accent-2);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(42, 157, 143, 0.18);
}

.timeline li.is-current strong {
  color: var(--ok);
}

.hidden {
  display: none !important;
}

/* ——— Footer ——— */
.site-footer {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 2.6rem 0 1.2rem;
}

.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 1.6rem;
}

.footer-brand {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.footer-meta {
  font-size: 0.86rem !important;
  color: var(--ink-faint) !important;
}

.footer-grid h4 {
  margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}

.footer-grid a,
.footer-grid p {
  display: block;
  margin: 0.22rem 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.footer-grid a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.footer-bottom {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-top: 1rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
}

@keyframes rise {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(12px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

@keyframes fade {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero-grid,
  .submit-layout,
  .footer-grid,
  .steps,
  .strip-grid,
  .scope-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .section-head,
  .cta-band {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
  }

  .nav-toggle {
    display: inline-block;
  }

  .header-main-inner {
    align-items: center;
  }

  .brand-block {
    flex: 1;
  }

  .nav {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    top: 100%;
    background: #fff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem 1.1rem;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    z-index: 85;
  }

  .nav.is-open {
    display: flex;
  }

  .nav-dd-menu {
    position: static;
    display: flex;
    border: 0;
    padding: 0 0 0 0.75rem;
    background: transparent;
  }

  .nav-dd-btn {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 0.65rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .feature-hero-frame,
  .story-grid,
  .metrics-row,
  .offer-grid,
  .footer-compact {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .story-card-lead {
    grid-column: auto;
    grid-row: auto;
    padding-right: 0;
  }

  .story-card:not(.story-card-lead) {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .field-row,
  .author-row,
  .wizard-steps {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .topbar-left {
    display: none;
  }
}

/* ——— Chatbot (MDPI / Taylor-style desk) ——— */
.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  border: 0;
}

#bs-chat-root {
  position: fixed;
  right: 1.1rem;
  bottom: 1.1rem;
  z-index: 120;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.chat-launcher {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fafbf9;
  font: inherit;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  padding: 0.9rem 1.1rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 180ms var(--ease), background 180ms var(--ease);
  animation: chatPulse 3.2s var(--ease) infinite;
}

.chat-launcher:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.02);
  background: var(--accent-hover);
  animation: none;
}

@keyframes chatPulse {
  0%,
  100% {
    transform: scale(1);
  }
  50% {
    transform: scale(1.04);
  }
}

.chat-launcher-dot {
  width: 0.55rem;
  height: 0.55rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--bio);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(46, 196, 182, 0.22);
}

.chat-panel {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 3.6rem;
  width: min(380px, calc(100vw - 1.5rem));
  height: min(540px, calc(100vh - 6rem));
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.chat-panel[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}

.chat-head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  padding: 0.9rem 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
}

.chat-head strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
}

.chat-head p {
  margin: 0.15rem 0 0;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.chat-close {
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.chat-quick {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  padding: 0.7rem 0.85rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.chat-quick button {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.55rem;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.chat-quick button:hover {
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.chat-log {
  flex: 1;
  overflow: auto;
  padding: 0.85rem;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  align-content: start;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, var(--bg-soft));
}

.chat-bubble {
  max-width: 92%;
  padding: 0.7rem 0.8rem;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  animation: rise 280ms var(--ease) both;
}

.chat-bot {
  justify-self: start;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.chat-user {
  justify-self: end;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
}

.chat-compose {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  padding: 0.75rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  align-items: center;
}

.chat-compose input[type="text"] {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.65rem 0.75rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  font: inherit;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  border-radius: 0.5rem;
}

.chat-typing {
  opacity: 0.72;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* ——— Journal metrics / info-factors ——— */
.factors {
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 2.25rem 0;
}

.factors-head {
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  max-width: 40rem;
}

.factors-head h2 {
  margin: 0 0 0.35rem;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.45rem;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.factors-head p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.factors-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(6, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.factor-card {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--accent);
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0.85rem 0.35rem 0.5rem;
  min-height: 6.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.25rem;
}

.factor-label {
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.factor-value {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.55rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.factor-note {
  margin-top: auto;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

/* ——— Issues & conferences ——— */
.issues-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 1rem;
}

.issues-grid-page {
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
}

.issue-card,
.conference-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 1.25rem 1.3rem 1.35rem;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.issue-card {
  box-shadow: none;
  background: transparent;
  border-color: var(--line);
}

.issue-type-1 {
  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-2);
}

.issue-type-2 {
  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent);
}

.issue-type-3,
.issue-card-special {
  border-top: 3px solid #c45c26;
  background: repeating-linear-gradient(
    -45deg,
    transparent,
    transparent 8px,
    rgba(196, 92, 38, 0.04) 8px,
    rgba(196, 92, 38, 0.04) 16px
  );
}

.issue-type-4 {
  border-top: 3px solid #3d5a80;
}

.issue-card-open {
  border-top-width: 3px;
}

.issue-card-top {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.issue-cover {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.issue-status {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  padding: 0.2rem 0.45rem;
}

.issue-card h3,
.conference-card h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  letter-spacing: normal;
}

.issue-theme {
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.issue-summary {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.93rem;
}

.issue-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.issue-tag {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 0.18rem 0.45rem;
  background: #fff;
}

.conference-banner,
.conference-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.conference-card {
  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .factors-grid,
  .issues-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .factors-grid,
  .issues-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

.process-list {
  margin: 1.25rem 0 2rem;
  padding-left: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.process-list li {
  margin: 0.45rem 0;
  padding-left: 0.25rem;
}

/* —— Journal shell v2 —— */
.topbar { font-size: 0.95rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: #f3f6f4; }
.topbar .id-num { display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.35rem; letter-spacing: 0.01em; white-space: nowrap; }
.topbar .id-num em { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; letter-spacing: 0.06em; font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; }
.topbar-right { margin-left: auto; }
.topbar-inner { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; align-items: center; min-height: 2.1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; padding: 0.35rem 0; }
.topbar-left, .topbar-right { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.65rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.topbar .dot { width: 3px; height: 3px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--ink-faint); }
.topbar em { font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; }
.lang a { padding: 0.15rem 0.35rem; color: var(--ink-soft); text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; }
.lang a.is-active, .lang a:hover { color: var(--accent); border-bottom-color: var(--accent-2); }

.nav-mega { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 0.1rem 0.15rem; }
.nav-dd { position: relative; }
.nav-dd-btn { background: none; border: 0; font: inherit; font-size: 1.02rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--ink); cursor: pointer; padding: 0.7rem 0.85rem; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.nav-dd-btn:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.nav-dd-btn.is-active, .nav-mega > a.is-active { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; }
.nav-dd-menu { display: none; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 100%; min-width: 16rem; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 0.5rem 0; z-index: 40; box-shadow: 0 12px 40px rgba(13,43,40,0.08); }
.nav-dd.is-open .nav-dd-menu { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.nav-dd-menu a { padding: 0.5rem 1rem; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); white-space: nowrap; font-size: 0.98rem; }
.nav-dd-menu a:hover, .nav-dd-menu a.is-active { background: var(--accent-soft); }
.nav-mega > a { padding: 0.7rem 0.85rem; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); font-size: 1.02rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.nav-mega > a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

.footer-4 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 2rem; }
.footer-legal { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; }
.footer-legal a { color: var(--ink-soft); }

/* Cinematic brand banner (dark teal + motif) */
.hero-banner {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: clamp(260px, 38vw, 400px);
  color: #f3f8f6;
  background:
    radial-gradient(120% 90% at 18% 0%, #1a6b5c 0%, transparent 55%),
    radial-gradient(90% 80% at 70% 40%, #0f4a42 0%, transparent 50%),
    linear-gradient(135deg, #0d2b28 0%, #0a2428 45%, #071820 100%);
}
.hero-banner-page {
  min-height: clamp(168px, 26vw, 230px);
}
.hero-banner-page .hero-banner-inner {
  min-height: inherit;
  padding: clamp(1.35rem, 3.4vw, 2.1rem) 0 clamp(1.15rem, 2.4vw, 1.75rem);
}
.hero-banner-page .hero-brand {
  font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 3.2vw, 2.35rem);
}
.hero-waves {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  top: auto;
  left: auto;
  width: 100%;
  height: clamp(2.4rem, 5.9vw, 3.75rem);
  margin: 0 0 0.7rem;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  overflow: visible;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: translateY(-0.35rem);
  stroke: rgba(236, 246, 241, 0.55);
  stroke-width: 1.15;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
}
.hero-waves line,
.hero-waves path {
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.hero-waves-base {
  stroke-width: 0.7;
  opacity: 0.22;
}
.hero-spec-envelope {
  opacity: 0.3;
  stroke-width: 1;
}
.hero-spec-sticks {
  opacity: 0.92;
  stroke-linecap: butt;
}
.hero-spec-dot {
  fill: rgba(242, 250, 247, 0.95);
  stroke: none;
}
.hero-banner-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  min-height: inherit;
  padding: clamp(2.4rem, 6vw, 3.6rem) 0 clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}
.hero-brand {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 100%;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 5vw, 3.6rem);
  line-height: 1.18;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  text-transform: none;
  color: #fff;
  font-synthesis: none;
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
  /* Never squash: no scaleX, no negative tracking */
  transform: none;
}
.hero-banner-tag {
  margin: 0.85rem 0 0;
  max-width: 46rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  text-transform: none;
  color: rgba(236, 245, 242, 0.9);
}

.hero-intro {
  background: var(--bg);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.hero-intro-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(17.5rem, 0.78fr);
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 2.75rem);
  align-items: start;
  padding: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.25rem) 0;
}
.hero-intro-copy {
  min-width: 0;
}
.hero-kicker {
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin: 0 0 0.85rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
}
.hero-kicker--banner {
  margin: 0 0 0.65rem;
  color: rgba(200, 230, 220, 0.88);
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  font-weight: 600;
}
#home-rcsi-root {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
}
.hero-intro h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3.2vw, 2.45rem);
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.hero-lede {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
}
.hero-note {
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  border-left: 2px solid var(--accent-2);
  padding-left: 0.9rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
}
.hero-overview {
  background: #f4f8f6;
  border: 1px solid #c4d4cc;
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  padding: 1.2rem 1.25rem 1.05rem;
  align-self: start;
  width: 100%;
}
.hero-overview h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
  padding: 0 0 0.7rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #d5e2dc;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.hero-overview-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
.hero-overview-list li {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0.5rem 0;
  border-top: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.45;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
}
.hero-overview-list li:first-child {
  padding-top: 0.1rem;
}
.hero-overview-list li::before {
  content: "";
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  width: 1.05rem;
  height: 1.05rem;
  margin-top: 0.18rem;
  border: 1.5px solid #1a7a68;
  background-color: #e7f3ef;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 12 12'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' stroke='%231a7a68' stroke-width='1.85' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' d='M2.2 6.3 L4.8 8.8 L9.8 3.2'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: center;
  background-size: 0.72rem;
  transform: none;
}
.btn-on-dark { color: #fff; border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.35); }
.btn-on-dark:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08); color: #fff; }

.info-strip { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: #fff; }
.info-strip-kicker { margin: 0; padding: 1rem 0 0; font-size: 0.8rem; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.info-strip-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 1.25rem; padding: 1.25rem 0; }
.indexing-bar { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: #fff; }
.indexing-bar .container { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 0.45rem 0.65rem; padding: 0 0 1.15rem; }
.indexing-bar-label { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--ink-faint); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em; }
.indexing-chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.4rem; }
.indexing-chip { display: inline-block; padding: 0.22rem 0.55rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 0.85rem; background: var(--bg-soft); }
.indexing-chip--inline { margin: 0 0.35rem 0.35rem 0; }
.rcsi-footnote { margin: 0; flex: 1 1 100%; font-size: 0.88rem; }
.rcsi-about-panel { margin-top: 1.5rem; padding-top: 1.25rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.rcsi-about-panel:first-child { margin-top: 0; padding-top: 0; border-top: 0; }
.rcsi-about-title { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 600; margin: 0 0 0.75rem; }
.info-item { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.25rem; }
.info-label { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--ink-faint); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em; }
.info-item strong { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: normal; }
.info-tip { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); }

.stats-strip { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr); gap: 0.75rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: #fff; }
.stat-cell { padding: 1rem 0.75rem; text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.stat-cell:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.stat-cell span { display: block; font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--ink-faint); margin-bottom: 0.35rem; }
.stat-cell strong { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: normal; }

.empty-state { padding: 1.5rem 0; max-width: 40rem; }
.empty-state h2 { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-weight: 600; }
.skeleton-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.skeleton-card { height: 8.5rem; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--bg-soft), #fff, var(--bg-soft)); background-size: 200% 100%; border: 1px solid var(--line); }

.scope-grid, .types-grid, .card-link-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(240px, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; margin: 1.5rem 0; }
.scope-card, .policy-card, .type-card { display: block; padding: 1.25rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: #fff; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; }
.scope-card-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; margin-top: 1rem; }
.policy-card:hover { border-color: var(--line-strong); }
.scope-card h3, .policy-card h2, .type-card h2 { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-weight: 600; margin: 0 0 0.6rem; font-size: 1.25rem; }
.type-card dl { margin: 0; display: grid; gap: 0.45rem; }
.type-card dt { font-size: 0.78rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.type-card dd { margin: 0 0 0.35rem; }

.page-header { padding: 2rem 0 1rem; }
.page-kicker { font-size: 0.8rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-faint); margin: 0 0 0.5rem; }
.page-header h1 { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-weight: 600; font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 3.5vw, 2.6rem); line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0 0 0.75rem; }
.page-lede, .section-lede { color: var(--ink-soft); max-width: 42rem; }
.narrow-prose { max-width: 820px; }
.prose-block { padding-bottom: 3rem; }
.checklist, .steps-list, .link-list { padding-left: 1.2rem; }
.checklist li, .steps-list li { margin: 0.45rem 0; }
.steps-list .step-num { display: inline-block; min-width: 1.5rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--accent-2); }
.dl-panel dl { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 12rem 1fr; gap: 0.65rem 1rem; }
.dl-panel dt { color: var(--ink-faint); }
.dl-panel dd { margin: 0; }
.apc-panel { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 1.5rem; margin: 1rem 0 1.5rem; background: #fff; text-align: center; }
.apc-figure { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.8rem; margin: 0.25rem 0; }
.search-panel { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; background: #fff; }
.filter-checks { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; margin: 0.75rem 0 1rem; }
.filter-checks .check {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.section-head.stacked { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 0.35rem; }
.section-sub { margin: 0; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.stats-note { margin: 0.75rem 0 0; max-width: 40rem; color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: 0.95rem; }
.nr-criteria { margin: 1rem 0 1.25rem; padding-left: 1.25rem; }
.nr-criteria li { margin: 0.35rem 0; }
.visually-hidden { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); border: 0; }
.brand-name { font-family: var(--font-serif); font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.2; }

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .compact-header .brand-name {
    white-space: normal;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.8vw, 2.05rem);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .info-strip-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .stats-strip { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .stat-cell:nth-child(3n) { border-right: 0; }
  .footer-4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .dl-panel dl { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .hero-intro-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .hero-overview {
    height: auto;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .site-header { z-index: 100; }
  .topbar { font-size: 0.9rem; }
  .topbar .id-num em { font-size: 1rem; }
  .brand-tag, .compact-header .brand-tag { display: none; }
  .brand-name { font-size: 1.12rem; max-width: none; }
  .compact-header .brand-name { white-space: normal; font-size: 1.22rem; line-height: 1.2; }
  .nav-link-auth { display: none; }
  .hero-waves { height: 2.55rem; transform: translateY(-0.22rem); }
  .hero-banner-inner { padding-top: 2.2rem; }
  .header-inner.compact-header { gap: 0.5rem; }
  .nav-bar { position: relative; }
  .nav-mega.is-open {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    top: 100%;
    background: #fff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem 1.25rem;
    z-index: 90;
    max-height: min(70vh, calc(100dvh - 8rem));
    overflow: auto;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  }
  .nav-bar .nav-mega:not(.is-open) { display: none; }
  .nav-dd-menu { position: static; border: 0; box-shadow: none; padding-left: 0.5rem; }
  .info-strip-grid, .stats-strip, .skeleton-grid, .footer-4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .stat-cell { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .hero-brand { font-size: clamp(2rem, 9vw, 2.75rem); }
  .btn { min-height: 2.75rem; }
  #bs-chat-root { right: 0.75rem; bottom: 0.75rem; }
  .chat-panel { width: min(100vw - 1rem, 380px); height: min(70dvh, 540px); }
}

/* Auth */
.auth-nav-slot { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; }
.nav-link-auth {
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.45rem 0.35rem;
}
.nav-link-auth:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.nav-link-quiet { border: 0; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; font: inherit; }
.auth-panel { max-width: 28rem; margin-bottom: 3rem; }
.auth-providers { display: grid; gap: 0.75rem; margin: 1.25rem 0; }
.auth-btn { justify-content: center; width: 100%; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; }
.auth-btn-disabled { opacity: 0.72; cursor: pointer; }
.auth-btn-yandex { border-color: #fc3f1d; }
.auth-btn-mailru { border-color: #005ff9; }
.auth-btn-google { border-color: #4285f4; }
.auth-btn-orcid { border-color: #a6ce39; }
.form-note[data-kind="err"] { color: var(--danger); }
.form-note[data-kind="ok"] { color: var(--ok); }

/* Partners / grants nests (Publisher page) */
.partners-grid {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 1.25rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(9.5rem, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}
.partner-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0.5rem;
  min-height: 7rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0.85rem;
  background: #fff;
}
.partner-card a {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  text-align: center;
}
.partner-card img {
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 3.25rem;
  object-fit: contain;
}
.partner-fallback {
  width: 2.5rem;
  height: 2.5rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  background: #e8efee;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.partner-name { font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 600; }
.funding-list { margin: 0.75rem 0 0; padding-left: 1.1rem; }

/* Arabic UI */
html[dir="rtl"] {
  --font-sans: "Noto Sans Arabic", "Source Sans 3", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --font-serif: "Noto Naskh Arabic", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, "Source Serif 4", serif;
}
html[dir="rtl"] body {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
}
html[dir="rtl"] .hero-brand {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4", Palatino, "Palatino Linotype", serif;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .compact-header .brand-name {
  white-space: normal;
  font-family: "Noto Naskh Arabic", var(--font-serif);
}
html[dir="rtl"] .lang a[data-lang="ar"] {
  font-family: "Noto Sans Arabic", sans-serif;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .nav-dd-menu,
html[dir="rtl"] .nav-more-menu {
  left: auto;
  right: 0;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .page-margin-field-col.is-left {
  left: auto;
  right: 0.45rem;
  text-align: right;
  align-items: flex-end;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .page-margin-field-col.is-right {
  right: auto;
  left: 0.45rem;
  text-align: left;
  align-items: flex-start;
}
html[dir="rtl"] #bs-chat-root {
  right: auto;
  left: 1.1rem;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .chat-panel {
  right: auto;
  left: 0;
}
html[dir="rtl"] .funding-list {
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-right: 1.1rem;
}